Consumer Goods and Services

The Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy is the UK Government agency that issues emission conversion factors for use by UK and international organisations to report on greenhouse gas emissions.

ecoinvent is a Swiss not-for-profit association that provides a Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) database that supports various types of sustainability assessments. This data enables users to gain a deeper understanding of the environmental impacts of their products and services.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the United States government agency that provides regularly updated default emission factors for organisational greenhouse gas reporting in the United States.

EXIOBASE is a global, detailed Multi-Regional Environmentally Extended Supply-Use Table (MR-SUT) and Input-Output Table (MR-IOT). It was developed by harmonising and detailing supply-use tables for a large number of countries, estimating emissions and resource extractions by industry. Subsequently, the country supply-use tables were linked via trade creating an MR-SUT and producing MR-IOTs from this. The MR-IOT can be used for the analysis of the environmental impacts associated with the final consumption of product groups.

GEMIS, or the Global Emission Model for Integrated Systems, is a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) software tool developed by IINAS, the Institute for Integrated Environmental Assessments. The tool is designed to analyse and model the environmental impacts of various technologies, products, and services. GEMIS covers a wide range of sectors, including energy, transport, materials, and agriculture, among others, providing reliable and consistent emission factors.

The GHG Protocol is the de-facto standard-setting organisation for greenhouse-gas accounting. As well as producing guidance on estimating and categorising emissions, it also provides a set of the most commonly-used emission factors including energy consumption, transportation, waste management, and industrial processes.