United Kingdom

Global

Netherlands

Singapore

Methane

Germany

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

R-134a / HFC-134a (1.1.1.2-tetrafluoroethane)

R-32 / HFC-32 (difluoromethane)

The Methane - fossil GWP value should be used for methane emissions from fossil fuel fugitive emission sources (e.g. oil & gas systems coal mining) and industrial processes where carbon in methane is of fossil origin (e.g. carbide production ethylene production). This GWP value includes the added radiative forcing effect from CO2 that is formed from the oxidation of methane which occurs at the end of a methane molecule’s atmospheric lifetime and then persists for the remainder of the 100-year time horizon.  Retrieved from the IPCC Global Warming Potential Values (pdf) file published by GHG Protocol at the source URL.

Methane - fossil

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the EPA's GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx).

Methane - non fossil (CH4)

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the Conversion Factors 2022: flat file published by the UK Government at the source URL.

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the Conversion Factors 2021: flat file published by the UK Government at the source URL.

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the IPCC Global Warming Potential Values (pdf) file published by GHG Protocol at the source URL.

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the EPA's GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx). Retrieved from Singapore Emission Factors Registry (SEFR) database. The primary data source is National Environment Agency (NEA) Singapore.

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the Conversion Factors 2025: flat file published by the UK Government at the source URL.

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the EPA's GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx). Data quality flag: methodology - This dataset has been deprecated by the source

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the 2025 GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx) file published by the US EPA at the source URL.

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the 2024 GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx) file published by the US EPA at the source URL.

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the excel file CO2 Emissiefactoren 2024 providing a Dutch standard list of CO2 emission factors. For additional information on this emission factor please see: https://co2emissiefactoren.nl/factoren/2024/17/8/overige-emissies-methaan-ch4/

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the Conversion Factors 2023: flat file published by the UK Government at the source URL.

The Methane - non fossil GWP should be used for combustion emissions and biogenic methane emissions. It does not include the oxidation to CO2 effect as the carbon at issue is either deemed not to be a net addition to the carbon cycle (i.e. of biogenic origin) or already accounted for in CO2 emissions from the same source. Retrieved from the Conversion Factors 2024: flat file published by the UK Government at the source URL.

Property	Value
Name	Methane
Sector	Refrigerants and Fugitive Gases
Category	Refrigerants and Fugitive Gases
Source	BEIS, CO2 Emissiefactoren, GHG Protocol, SEFR
Region	United Kingdom (GB), Global (GLOBAL), Netherlands (NL), Singapore (SG)
Unit Type	Weight
Year	2025 to 2013
LCA Activity	fugitive_release, unknown

Methane

Activity summary

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Related factors

Refrigerants and Fugitive Gases Emission Factors

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

R-134a / HFC-134a (1.1.1.2-tetrafluoroethane)

R-32 / HFC-32 (difluoromethane)

Emission Factor Name	Region	Source	Year	Unit
Methane - fossil	Global	GHG Protocol	2021	Weight
Methane - fossil	Global	GHG Protocol	2014	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	EPA	2007	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	BEIS	2007	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	BEIS	2007	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	GHG Protocol	2021	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	SEFR	2014	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	BEIS	2014	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	GHG Protocol	2007	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	EPA	2014	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	EPA	2014	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	EPA	2007	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	CO2 Emissiefactoren	2014	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	BEIS	2014	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	EPA	2007	Weight
Methane - non fossil (CH4)	Global	BEIS	2014	Weight