United Kingdom

Global

United States of America (the)

Air transport services

Air freight (<1500 km) - unknown - RP1678

United Arab Emirates (the)

Afghanistan

Antigua and Barbuda

Albania

Angola

Argentina

Austria

Australia

Barbados

Bangladesh

Belgium

Burkina Faso

Bulgaria

Bahrain

Burundi

Benin

Bolivia, Plurinational State of

Brazil

Bahamas

Bhutan

Belize

Canada

Central African Republic

Congo

Switzerland

Côte d'Ivoire

Chile

Cameroon

China

Colombia

Costa Rica

Cyprus

Czechia

Germany

Denmark

Dominica

Dominican Republic

Algeria

Ecuador

Estonia

Egypt

Spain

Ethiopia

Finland

Fiji

France

Gabon

Grenada

Gambia

Guinea

Equatorial Guinea

Greece

Guatemala

Guinea-Bissau

Hong Kong

Honduras

Croatia

Haiti

Hungary

Indonesia

Ireland

Israel

India

Iraq

Iran, Islamic Republic of

Iceland

Italy

Jamaica

Jordan

Japan

Kenya

Cambodia

Kiribati

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Korea, Republic of

Kuwait

Kazakhstan

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Lebanon

Saint Lucia

Sri Lanka

Lesotho

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Latvia

Morocco

Moldova, Republic of

North Macedonia

Mali

Myanmar

Mongolia

Malta

Mauritius

Maldives

Malawi

Mexico

Malaysia

Namibia

Niger

Air transportation

Air transportation (purchaser prices)

Emission intensity of supply chain in GBP spent. Provided by BEIS/DEFRA in the official report on UK and England's carbon footprint to 2022. Retrieved from the UK full dataset 1990 - 2022 including conversion factors by SIC code (sheets: ghg_sic_mult and co2_sic_mult).

Emission intensity of supply chain (with margins i.e. cradle to shelf) in US dollars spend on: scheduled freight air transportation. This factor is representative of the described goods or services category as defined by the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Refer to the source for the source-specific data quality assessment. Retrieved from Supply Chain Factors Dataset v1.2.

Scheduled freight air transportation

Emission intensity of aircraft. The primary source is EPA Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories - Table 8 Business Travel and Employee Commuting - March 9 2018. NOTE: It is unknown if the radiative forcing (RF) effect that reflects the impact of contrails and high-altitude release of GHGs is included. NOTE: GHG protocol reports as source table Table 8 but the emission factors for CO2 CH4 and N2O are actually reported in Table 9 Upstream Transportation and Distribution and Downstream Transportation and Distribution. NOTE: This dataset has been deprecated by the source.

Aircraft - RF effect unknown

Emission intensity of supply chain in basic prices and adjusted for inflation. Based on the UK Government "UK and England's carbon footprint to 2022". Inflation adjustments taken from ONS Producer / Supplier and Construction Price Indices. Original CO2e value: 1.788. Price index (inflation) multiplier: 0.91.

Emission intensity of supply chain in US dollars at 2024 purchaser prices (without margins). These do not include emissions from trade and transport margins. This factor is representative of the described goods or services category as defined by the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NAICS Code: 481112.  USEEIO Code: 481000. Retrieved from Supply Chain GHG Emission Factors v1.4.0.

Scheduled freight air transportation (purchaser prices)

Emission intensity of supply chain (with margins i.e. cradle to shelf) in US dollars spend on: air transport/freight. This factor is representative of the described commodity (equivalent to a goods or services category) and was obtained from the USEEIO model. Refer to the source for the source-specific data quality assessment. NOTE: It is unknown if the radiative forcing (RF) effect that reflects the impact of contrails and high-altitude release of GHGs is included.

Air freight - RF effect unknown

Emission intensity of freighting goods by aircraft. Retrieved from the EPA's GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx). NOTE: It is unknown if the radiative forcing (RF) effect that reflects the impact of contrails and high-altitude release of GHGs is included.

Aircraft (freight - RF effect unknown)

Emission intensity of supply chain in basic prices and adjusted for inflation. Based on the UK Government "UK and England's carbon footprint to 2022". Inflation adjustments taken from ONS Producer / Supplier and Construction Price Indices. Original CO2e value: 1.788. Price index (inflation) multiplier: 0.94.

Emission intensity of freighting goods by aircraft. Retrieved from the 2025 GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx) file published by the US EPA at the source URL.

Emission intensity of supply chain (purchase of service/standard good/capital good) in US dollars spend on: air transport. Factors retrieved from the Quantis+GHG Protocol Scope 3 Calculator for the year 2016 and apply for years beyond 2016. The same emission factor applies to different types of investments in joint ventures/subsidiaries/associate companies that were not captured in Scope 1 emissions. NOTE: It is unknown if the radiative forcing (RF) effect that reflects the impact of contrails and high-altitude release of GHGs is included.

Air freight/Air transport - RF effect unknown

Emission intensity of supply chain (with margins i.e. cradle to shelf) in US dollars at 2022 prices. This factor is representative of the described goods or services category as defined by the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NAICS Code: 481112. Refer to the source for the source-specific data quality assessment. Retrieved from Supply Chain Factors Dataset v1.3.

Emission intensity of freighting goods by aircraft. Retrieved from the 2024 GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx) file published by the US EPA at the source URL. NOTE: It is unknown if the radiative forcing (RF) effect that reflects the impact of contrails and high-altitude release of GHGs is included.

Emission intensity of supply chain (with margins i.e. cradle to shelf) in US dollars spend on: air transport/freight. This factor is representative of the described commodity (equivalent to a goods or services category) and was obtained from the USEEIO model v1.0.1. Refer to the source for the source-specific data quality assessment. Retrieved from Supply Chain Factors Dataset v1.1.1 NOTE: It is unknown if the radiative forcing (RF) effect that reflects the impact of contrails and high-altitude release of GHGs is included.

Emission intensity of supply chain adjusted from basic to purchaser prices. Based on the UK Government "UK and England's carbon footprint to 2022". Purchaser price adjustment taken from UK ONS "Input-output supply and use tables". Original CO2e value: 1.788. Basic to purchaser price multiplier: 0.95.

Air transport services (purchaser prices)

Emission intensity of supply chain adjusted from basic to purchaser prices and adjusted for inflation. Based on the UK Government "UK and England's carbon footprint to 2022". Purchaser price adjustment taken from UK ONS "Input-output supply and use tables". Inflation adjustments taken from ONS Producer / Supplier and Construction Price Indices. Original CO2e value: 1.788. Basic to purchaser price multiplier: 0.95. Price index (inflation) multiplier: 0.91.

Emission intensity of supply chain adjusted from basic to purchaser prices and adjusted for inflation. Based on the UK Government "UK and England's carbon footprint to 2022". Purchaser price adjustment taken from UK ONS "Input-output supply and use tables". Inflation adjustments taken from ONS Producer / Supplier and Construction Price Indices. Original CO2e value: 1.788. Basic to purchaser price multiplier: 0.95. Price index (inflation) multiplier: 0.94.

Property	Value
Name	Air freight - RF effect unknown And 7 Other Names Air freight - RF effect unknown Air freight/Air transport - RF effect unknown Air transport services Aircraft (freight - RF effect unknown) Aircraft - RF effect unknown Scheduled freight air transportation Scheduled freight air transportation (purchaser prices)
Sector	Transport
Category	Air Freight
Source	BEIS, Climatiq, Cornerstone Sustainability Data Initiative, EPA, GHG Protocol
Region	United Kingdom (GB), Global (GLOBAL), United States of America (the) (US)
Unit Type	Money Weight Over Distance
Year	2025 to 2016
LCA Activity	cradle_to_gate, cradle_to_shelf, fuel_combustion, unknown, use_phase

Air transport services

Activity summary

API Reference

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Related factors

Air Freight Emission Factors

Air freight (<1500 km) - unknown - RP1678

Air transportation

Air transportation (purchaser prices)

Emission Factor Name	Region	Source	Year	Unit
Air transport services	United Kingdom	BEIS	2020	Money
Air transport services	United Kingdom	BEIS	2019	Money
Scheduled freight air transportation	United States of America (the)	EPA	2019	Money
Aircraft - RF effect unknown	United States of America (the)	GHG Protocol	2021	WeightOverDistance
Air transport services	United Kingdom	Climatiq	2024	Money
Scheduled freight air transportation (purchaser prices)	United States of America (the)	Cornerstone Sustainability Data Initiative	2024	Money
Air freight - RF effect unknown	United States of America (the)	EPA	2018	Money
Aircraft (freight - RF effect unknown)	United States of America (the)	EPA	2022	WeightOverDistance
Air transport services	United Kingdom	BEIS	2021	Money
Air transport services	United Kingdom	Climatiq	2023	Money
Aircraft (freight - RF effect unknown)	United States of America (the)	EPA	2025	WeightOverDistance
Air transport services	United Kingdom	BEIS	2022	Money
Air freight/Air transport - RF effect unknown	Global	GHG Protocol	2016	Money
Scheduled freight air transportation	United States of America (the)	EPA	2022	Money
Aircraft (freight - RF effect unknown)	United States of America (the)	EPA	2024	WeightOverDistance
Air freight - RF effect unknown	United States of America (the)	EPA	2018	Money
Aircraft (freight - RF effect unknown)	United States of America (the)	EPA	2021	WeightOverDistance
Air transport services (purchaser prices)	United Kingdom	Climatiq	2022	Money
Air transport services (purchaser prices)	United Kingdom	Climatiq	2024	Money
Air transport services (purchaser prices)	United Kingdom	Climatiq	2023	Money