IEA CBAM
About IEA CBAM
The European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a regulatory tool designed to measure carbon emissions attributed to the production of high-carbon goods imported into the EU, aiming to promote cleaner practices in industrial production across non-EU countries. To this end, the European Commission publishes emission factors providing the necessary metrics for compliance and environmental integrity. Annex II of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/2621 provides default electricity emission factors, derived from International Energy Agency (IEA) data, representing the country-of-origin electricity grid emission intensity used to estimate indirect embedded emissions from electricity consumed in the production of CBAM goods.
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Annex II: Derived emission factors for indirect emissions
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Description | The European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a regulatory tool designed to measure carbon emissions attributed to the production of high-carbon goods imported into the EU, aiming to promote cleaner practices in industrial production across non-EU countries. To this end, the European Commission publishes emission factors providing the necessary metrics for compliance and environmental integrity. Annex II of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/2621 provides default electricity emission factors, derived from International Energy Agency (IEA) data, representing the country-of-origin electricity grid emission intensity used to estimate indirect embedded emissions from electricity consumed in the production of CBAM goods. |
| Source type | Governmental |
| Original dataset URL | URL |
| Year released | 2025 |
| Geography | Multiple regions |
| Sector | |
| Type of data | Activity-based |
| Emission results | CO2e |
| Data Transformation | The source reports emissions in tCO2/MWh, which have been converted to kgCO2/kWh to ensure consistency. |
License
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Type of license | Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0 |
| License URL | URL |
Data quality
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Data quality assurance | Vetted by Climatiq. For further information on data quality assurance, see: https://www.climatiq.io/methodology#Data-Quality |
| Quality flag(s) | Methodology This factor is intended for CBAM purposes and is not appropriate for Scope 2 emissions reporting. |
Methodology
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Standard | CBAM |
| IPCC AR method |
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| LCA boundary |
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| Scope applicability |
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| Emissions breakdown |
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| Methodology description | Annex II of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/2621 provides country-level default electricity emission factors derived from IEA electricity production mix data, averaged over the five-year period 2019-2023. These factors represent the emission intensity of the country-of-origin electricity grid (production mix) and are used to calculate indirect embedded emissions from electricity consumed in the production of CBAM goods where default values are used. |
| Limitation / key issues to note | These factors are intended for CBAM purposes only and are not appropriate for Scope 2 emissions reporting. |
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