Australia

Sand

United Arab Emirates (the)

Afghanistan

Antigua and Barbuda

Albania

Angola

Argentina

Austria

Barbados

Bangladesh

Belgium

Burkina Faso

Bulgaria

Bahrain

Burundi

Benin

Bolivia, Plurinational State of

Brazil

Bahamas

Bhutan

Belize

Canada

Central African Republic

Congo

Switzerland

Côte d'Ivoire

Chile

Cameroon

China

Colombia

Costa Rica

Cyprus

Czechia

Germany

Denmark

Dominica

Dominican Republic

Algeria

Ecuador

Estonia

Egypt

Spain

Ethiopia

Finland

Fiji

France

Gabon

United Kingdom

Grenada

Gambia

Guinea

Equatorial Guinea

Greece

Guatemala

Guinea-Bissau

Hong Kong

Honduras

Croatia

Haiti

Hungary

Indonesia

Ireland

Israel

India

Iraq

Iran, Islamic Republic of

Iceland

Italy

Jamaica

Jordan

Japan

Kenya

Cambodia

Kiribati

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Korea, Republic of

Kuwait

Kazakhstan

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Lebanon

Saint Lucia

Sri Lanka

Lesotho

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Latvia

Morocco

Moldova, Republic of

North Macedonia

Mali

Myanmar

Mongolia

Malta

Mauritius

Maldives

Malawi

Mexico

Malaysia

Namibia

Niger

Copper / nickel / lead and zinc mining

Cut stone and stone product manufacturing

Ground or treated mineral and earth manufacturing

Emission intensity of sand at mine. Retrieved from the file AusLCI_1.42_EF_Published in the source URL. Data quality flag: Methodology - The source does not specify the IPCC AR version of GWPs used to calculate CO2e.

Sand (at mine)

Emission intensity of sand. Provided by the Integrated Carbon Metrics (ICM) Embodied Carbon Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) Database (ICM Database). Note: The CO2e value only takes into account CO2 CH4 and N2O. The CO2e values were calculated using the process method (no embodied GHG emissions from input-output processes are included). Data quality flag: Methodology - The source does not specify the IPCC AR version of GWPs used to calculate CO2e.

Emission intensity of sand. Provided by the Integrated Carbon Metrics (ICM) Embodied Carbon Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) Database (ICM Database). Note: The CO2e value only takes into account CO2 CH4 and N2O. The CO2e values were calculated using the hybrid method which combines process data from AusLCI with input-output (IO) data to account for upstream activities not covered in process datasets (e.g. services / finance / insurance / machinery / equipment / capital goods). Data quality flag: Methodology - The source does not specify the IPCC AR version of GWPs used to calculate CO2e.

The activity generating the emissions is zinc mine operation. The reference product is sand. The product "sand" represents an average type of sand extracted. Sand is co-produced with gravel where production of 1 kg represents 35% sand and 65% gravel. The largest use of construction sand and gravel is as aggregate for the production of concrete. The second largest use is as foundation material for highways, railways, runways, etc. Other major uses include aggregate for hot mix asphalt, and filler for highway, dam, and other back-filling. Smaller volumes of construction sand and gravel are used in plaster and gunite sands, snow and ice control, and railroad ballast. The reference product amount is 1. The cut-off classification is allocatable product. The activity type is ordinary ordinary transforming activity. Please refer to the ecoinvent documentation here for full details: https://ecoquery.ecoinvent.org/3.11/cutoff/dataset/21130/documentation.

Sand (zinc mine operation)

The activity generating the emissions is market for sand. The reference product is sand. The product "sand" represents an average type of sand extracted. Sand is co-produced with gravel where production of 1 kg represents 35% sand and 65% gravel. The largest use of construction sand and gravel is as aggregate for the production of concrete. The second largest use is as foundation material for highways, railways, runways, etc. Other major uses include aggregate for hot mix asphalt, and filler for highway, dam, and other back-filling. Smaller volumes of construction sand and gravel are used in plaster and gunite sands, snow and ice control, and railroad ballast. The reference product amount is 1. The cut-off classification is allocatable product. The activity type is ordinary market activity. Please refer to the ecoinvent documentation here for full details: https://ecoquery.ecoinvent.org/3.11/cutoff/dataset/21209/documentation.

Sand (market for)

The activity generating the emissions is market for sand. The reference product is sand. The product "sand" represents an average type of sand extracted. Sand is co-produced with gravel where production of 1 kg represents 35% sand and 65% gravel. The largest use of construction sand and gravel is as aggregate for the production of concrete. The second largest use is as foundation material for highways, railways, runways, etc. Other major uses include aggregate for hot mix asphalt, and filler for highway, dam, and other back-filling. Smaller volumes of construction sand and gravel are used in plaster and gunite sands, snow and ice control, and railroad ballast. The reference product amount is 1. The cut-off classification is allocatable product. The activity type is ordinary market activity. Please refer to the ecoinvent documentation here for full details: https://ecoquery.ecoinvent.org/3.11/cutoff/dataset/21677/documentation.

The activity generating the emissions is market for sand. The reference product is sand. The product "sand" represents an average type of sand extracted. Sand is co-produced with gravel where production of 1 kg represents 35% sand and 65% gravel. The largest use of construction sand and gravel is as aggregate for the production of concrete. The second largest use is as foundation material for highways, railways, runways, etc. Other major uses include aggregate for hot mix asphalt, and filler for highway, dam, and other back-filling. Smaller volumes of construction sand and gravel are used in plaster and gunite sands, snow and ice control, and railroad ballast. The reference product amount is 1. The cut-off classification is allocatable product. The activity type is ordinary market activity. Please refer to the ecoinvent documentation here for full details: https://ecoquery.ecoinvent.org/3.11/cutoff/dataset/19838/documentation.

The activity generating the emissions is market for sand. The reference product is sand. The product "sand" represents an average type of sand extracted. Sand is co-produced with gravel where production of 1 kg represents 35% sand and 65% gravel. The largest use of construction sand and gravel is as aggregate for the production of concrete. The second largest use is as foundation material for highways, railways, runways, etc. Other major uses include aggregate for hot mix asphalt, and filler for highway, dam, and other back-filling. Smaller volumes of construction sand and gravel are used in plaster and gunite sands, snow and ice control, and railroad ballast. The reference product amount is 1. The cut-off classification is allocatable product. The activity type is ordinary market activity. Please refer to the ecoinvent documentation here for full details: https://ecoquery.ecoinvent.org/3.11/cutoff/dataset/19792/documentation.

Emission intensity of supply chain in EUR spend on: Sand and clay. The emission factors are for the final production of products in the region and from the complete international supply chain. These factors are provided in basic prices for the year 2022. Retrieved from the EXIOBASE v3.10 model outputs for products.

Sand and clay

Emission intensity of supply chain in EUR spend on: Sand and clay. The emission factors are for the final production of products in the region and from the complete international supply chain. These factors use prices from 2022. Retrieved from the EXIOBASE v3.10 model outputs for products.

Emission intensity of supply chain in EUR spend on: Sand and clay. The emission factors are for the final production of products in the region and from the complete international supply chain. These factors are provided in basic prices for the year 2022. Data quality flag: Methodology - this EF is marked as an outlier by the source for Scope 2 component which takes the average value for region EU Emerging or a World average if the former doesn't exist.

Emission intensity of supply chain in EUR spend on: Sand and clay. The emission factors are for the final production of products in the region and from the complete international supply chain. These factors are provided in basic prices for the year 2022. Data quality flag: Methodology - this EF is marked as an outlier by the source for Scope 1 component which takes the average value for region EU Advanced or a World average if the former doesn't exist.

Emission intensity of supply chain in EUR spend on: Sand and clay. The emission factors are for the final production of products in the region and from the complete international supply chain. These factors are provided in basic prices for the year 2022. Data quality flag: Methodology - this EF is marked as an outlier by the source for Scope 1/ 2/ 3 component which takes the average value for region EU Advanced or a World average if the former doesn't exist.

Emission intensity of supply chain in EUR spend on: Sand and clay. The emission factors are for the final production of products in the region and from the complete international supply chain. These factors are provided in basic prices for the year 2022. Data quality flag: Methodology - this EF is marked as an outlier by the source for Scope 3 component which takes the average value for region Non-EU Emerging or a World average if the former doesn't exist.

Emission intensity of supply chain in EUR spend on: Sand and clay. The emission factors are for the final production of products in the region and from the complete international supply chain. These factors are provided in basic prices for the year 2022. Data quality flag: Methodology - this EF is marked as an outlier by the source for Scope 1 component which takes the average value for region Non-EU Emerging or a World average if the former doesn't exist.

Property	Value
Name	Sand And 2 Other Names Sand Sand (at mine)
Sector	Materials and Manufacturing
Category	Mined Materials
Source	AusLCI, ICM Database
Region	Australia (AU)
Unit Type	Weight
Year	2019 2022
LCA Activity	cradle_to_shelf, unknown

Sand

Activity summary

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Related factors

Mined Materials Emission Factors

Copper / nickel / lead and zinc mining

Cut stone and stone product manufacturing

Ground or treated mineral and earth manufacturing

Emission Factor Name	Region	Source	Year	Unit
Sand (at mine)	Australia	AusLCI	2022	Weight
Sand	Australia	ICM Database	2019	Weight
Sand	Australia	ICM Database	2019	Weight
Sand (zinc mine operation)	Global	ecoinvent	2012	Weight
Sand (market for)	India	ecoinvent	2014	Weight
Sand (market for)	Rest-of-World (Ecoinvent)	ecoinvent	2011	Weight
Sand (market for)	Switzerland	ecoinvent	2011	Weight
Sand (market for)	Brazil	ecoinvent	2015	Weight
Sand and clay	Italy	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	European Union advanced (Exiobase)	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Rest-of-World Middle East (Exiobase)	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Australia	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Croatia	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Greece	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Brazil	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Estonia	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Rest-of-World Europe (Exiobase)	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	European Union emerging (Exiobase)	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Belgium	EXIOBASE	2022	Money
Sand and clay	Russian Federation (the)	EXIOBASE	2022	Money